The irrigation pump in the autonomous irrigation system is powered by solar energy. Monitoring the soil's water level and manually controlling the irrigation system get tiresome. As a result, instead of utilising conventional energy, the system generates solar power using photovoltaic cells. An op-amp IC that serves as a comparator and measures the soil moisture level is necessary for the project. Two copper wires are placed into the soil at a certain depth to gauge the soil's moisture content. The sensors provide data to the microcontroller, which interfaces with the relay driver IC to activate the relay and cause the pump motor to turn ON or OFF. An LCD screen displays the pump status.
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